It has been argued by many progressives that the Declaration of Independence has absolutely no legal value. That is true. All legal power and authority for the government of the United States flows from the Constitution. However, The Declaration of Independence very eloquently conveys the moral and philosophical foundation at the very core of the founding of the United States.
Thomas Jefferson did not write a truly original document when he wrote the Declaration. He chose to base that document mainly on the writings of John Locke. That was because Locke based his most influential works, Two Treatises of Government, primarily on Natural Law.
As you can see from the opening paragraph of the Declaration of Independence, Natural Law is the very foundation of the most famous breakup letter ever written.
When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
This next quote states quite clearly that Natural Rights are the very foundation of the Declaration of Independence.
We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
This next quote is the most important for two reasons. First, because Jefferson states that for governments to be legitimate, they must derive their powers solely from the consent from the governed. Second, that the people have the right to tear down a government that is harmful to the natural rights of the people.
that, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.
This last quote warns us that we must have very valid reasons before we throw off the yoke of an oppressive government.
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these states.


